![]() ![]() ![]() Read books about the states of matter Read a book or two to introduce younger learners to the concepts of solids, liquids, and gases. The opposite happens, too: that’s why you get frost (which is tiny ice crystals) in a freezer, and on cold window panes.Ĭhanging the pressure on a solid, liquid, or gas can make it change state, too. Start with an anchor chart An anchor chart like this gives students something to reference as they learn the concepts and complete states of matter activities. A phase diagram indicating the temperature changes of water as energy is added is shown in Figure 11.10. Let’s consider the example of adding heat to ice to examine its transitions through all three phasessolid to liquid to gas. For instance, ice in a freezer slowly disappears, since it’s subliming into a gas. Table 11.3 Latent Heats of Fusion and Vaporization, along with Melting and Boiling Points. Some solids can even become a gas without first becoming a liquid this is called "sublimation". The opposite happens when you cool down a gas: first it becomes a liquid, then a solid. If you heat the liquid up even more, the molecules fly around fast enough to break totally free of each other now they can go anywhere, and the liquid boils off into a gas and just spreads out and mixes into the air. However, in a liquid, the molecules still pull on each other enough to stay bunched together (that’s why a drop of water on a table is round, and doesn’t spread out all over). The process of a liquid becoming a gas is called boiling (or vapourization), while the process of a gas becoming a liquid is called condensation. At a certain temperature, the particles in a liquid have enough energy to become a gas. When you get a solid hot, the molecules bump around faster and harder until they start breaking apart and moving around each other that's when a solid melts and becomes a liquid. The phase change between a liquid and a gas has some similarities to the phase change between a solid and a liquid. The other thing is that molecules are always bumping and moving around, and the hotter they are, the more they move. The matter tends to stay together because those molecules are pulling on each other. First, all ordinary matter is made up of atoms, often attached together as molecules. To see why solids melt and liquids freeze, you need to know two things about matter (solids, liquids, and gases). ![]()
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